Because skeletal metastases occur more often in the lower extremities, surgeons are less likely to be familiar with treatment options for patients with upper extremity metastatic disease. Lesions in the upper extremities can cause disability, dysfunction, and loss of independence because they limit the patient's ability to perform the activities of daily living. Upper extremity lesions are often painless until pathologic fracture occurs.
This OKO topic provides a thorough review of upper extremity metastatic disease, including radiographic evaluation, treatment options, and treatment goals. Various nonsurgical treatment modalities are discussed. Surgical options include intramedullary nailing, open reduction internal fixation (ORIF), and resection and prosthetic reconstruction.