OKO Clinical Topics - Video Listing (by Subspecialty Area)

Adult Reconstruction Evidence-Based Practice Foot & Ankle Hand & Wrist Musculoskeletal Oncology Pain Management Pediatric Orthopaedics Shoulder & Elbow Spine Sports Medicine Trauma OKO Lectures Online Orthopaedic Theatres New in the Virtual Bookstore! Orthopaedic Theaters Subscribe now to view streaming video of AAOS Orthopaedic Surgery Video Library offerings.	All Video (by Subspecialty and Topic) Select a section from the list below to view a list of all the video for that section. Adult Reconstruction \| Foot and Ankle \| Hand and Wrist \| Musculoskeletal Oncology \| Pain Management \| Pediatric Orthopaedics \| Shoulder and Elbow \| Spine \| Sports Medicine \| Trauma \| Adult Reconstruction Approaches to Total Hip Arthroplasty Posterior Approach 5 min 23 sec in 4 segments Modified Hardinge Procedure 4 min 56 sec in 4 segments Femoral Component Sizing and Positioning in Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty Femoral Component Sizing and Positioning in Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty 24 min 23 sec in 1 segment Hip Resurfacing Hip Resurfacing 16 min 45 sec in 1 segment Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty 38 min 5 sec in 11 segments Instability After Total Knee Replacement: Treatment Clinical flexion instability examination with gravity 21 sec in 1 segment Clinical flexion instability examination without gravity (foot fixed) 31 sec in 1 segment Preoperative flexion instability 21 sec in 1 segment Preoperative extension instability 11 sec in 1 segment Preoperative flexion anterior drawer test 4 sec in 1 segment Preoperative hyperextension 5 sec in 1 segment Intraoperative instability, Part 1 20 sec in 1 segment Intraoperative instability, Part 2 9 sec in 1 segment Intraoperative instability, Part 3 10 sec in 1 segment Intraoperative use of a thicker polyethylene insert, Part 1 22 sec in 1 segment Intraoperative use of a thicker polyethylene insert, Part 2 10 sec in 1 segment Minimally Invasive Total Knee Arthroplasty Mini-Midvastus Approach for TKA 10 min 10 sec 11 segments Mini-Subvastus Approach for TKA 18 min 44 sec 12 segments Removal of Cementless Acetabular Components Removal of Cementless Acetabular Components 5 min 16 sec in 4 segments Removal of Polymethylmethacrylate Bone Cement During THA Removal of the distal cement plug 1 min 27 sec in 2 segments Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty Extended Trochanteric Osteotomy 11 min 4 sec in 5 segments Surgical Exposures in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty Extracapsular Approach and Arthrotomy 21 sec in 1 segment Extensile Exposure Techniques 10 min 5 sec in 4 segements Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty 11min 40 sec in 9 segments Back to top Foot and Ankle Achilles Tendinopathies of the Foot and Ankle Debridement/Flexor Hallucis Longus Transfer 7 min in 5 segments Acute and Chronic Ankle Sprain Diagnosis 29 sec in 1 segment Management Options 58 sec in 1 segment Brostrom Procedure - Karlsson Modification 4 min 40 sec in 4 segments Chronic Plantar Fasciitis With Neuritic Symptoms Posterior Medial Release for Recalcitrant Plantar Fasciitis 7 min in 8 segments Common Dance and Ballet Injuries of the Foot and Ankle Dislocating Peroneals 9 sec in 1 segment Hallux Valgus Physical Examination 2 min 04 sec in 2 segments Distal Soft Tissue Reconstruction (Modified McBride Procedure) 22 min 07 sec in 7 segments Proximal Metatarsal Osteotomy 10 min 25 sec in 4 segments Chevron Osteotomy 10 min 35 sec in 4 segments Hindfoot Arthrodesis Hindfoot Arthrodesis - Restoration of Subtalar Alignment 31 sec in 1 segment Insertional Tendinitis of the Tendo Achilles Tendon Detachment/Reattachment to Treat Insertional Tendinitis of the Tendo Achilles 7 min 34 sec in 6 segments Midfoot and Tarsometatarsal Arthritis Tarasometatarsal Joint Arthrodesis with Lapidus Bunion Correction 10 min 28 sec in 9 segments Midsubstance Achilles Tendinopathy Midsubstance Achilles Tendinopathy 8 min, 21 sec in 1 segment Posterior Tibial Tendon Problems Flexor Digitorum Longus to Posterior Tibial Tendon Transfer 19 min, 45 sec in 8 segments Back to top Hand and Wrist Cubital Tunnel Syndrome and Treatment With In Situ Release and Medial Epicondylectomy In Situ Release and Medial Epicondylectomy 13 min 16 sec in 7 segments Current Concepts in Wrist Arthroplasty Video demonstrating good wrist flexion and extension 1 year postoperatively. 12 sec in 1 segment Distal Radioulnar Joint Instability Physical Examination 20 sec in 1 segment Malunion 13 sec in 1 segment TFCC Open Repair 1 min 17 sec in 1 segment DRUJ Reconstruction 3 min 31 sec in 1 segment Elbow Contractures Anterior Compartment Release for Elbow Contractures [no audio] 57 sec in 3 segments Endobutton Procedure for Distal Biceps Repair Endobutton Procedure for Distal Biceps Repair 9 min 49 sec in 7 segments Flexor Tendon Repair Physical Examination 10 sec in 1 segment Surgical Exposure 1 min 16 sec in 2 segments Zone II Flexor Tendon Repair 3 min 21 sec in 2 segments Partial Tendon Repair 1 min 18 sec in 1 segment Rehabilitation 1 min 03 sec in 2 segments Intra-articular Distal Radius Fractures Volar approach to a distal radius fracture 9 min 37 sec in 5 segments Dorsal approach to a distal radius fracture 3 min 59 sec in 7 segments Ligament Reconstruction in Thumb Basal Joint Arthroplasty LRTI Arthroplasty 14 min, 44 sec, in 9 segments Scaphoid Nonunion Physical Examination 1 min 36 sec in 1 segment Palmar Approach 1 min 38 sec in 1 segment Alternative to Palmar Approach 1 min 59 sec in 1 segment Vascularized Bone Graft 3 min 20 sec in 2 segments The Rheumatoid Wrist Arthroscopic Synovectomy for Rheumatoid Arthritis Part I 3 min 59 sec in 1 segment Arthroscopic Synovectomy for Rheumatoid Arthritis Part II 0 min 55 sec in 1 segment Back to top Musculoskeletal Oncology Giant Cell Tumor of Bone Direct-Pour Cryosurgery Technique 5 min 14 sec in 1 segment Back to top Pain Management Continuous Femoral Nerve Block for Pain Management in Total Knee Arthroplasty Continuous Femoral Nerve Block 9 min, 55 sec in 10 segments Single-Injection Subgluteal Sciatic Nerve Block 3 min, 15 sec in 1 segment Back to top Pediatric Orthopaedics Distal Forearm Fractures Closed reduction of a pediatric distal radius fracture 1 min 06 sec in 1 segment Both-bone forearm fracture Intramedullary nailing - Step 1 25 min 14 sec in 5 segments Fractures of the Lateral Condyle of the Humerus in Children Open Reduction and Internal Fixation 2 min in 1 segment Hip Instability: Birth to Six Months Barlow Technique and Ortolani Maneuver 57 secs in 2 segments Pediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures Submuscular Plate Fixation 10 min 03 sec in 7 segments Intramedullary nailing of pediatric femoral shaft fractures 7 min 24 sec in 3 segments Pediatric Forearm Fractures Techniques for Closed Reduction 1 min 18 sec in 1 segment Techniques for Casting 1 min 17 sec in 1 segment Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis Single Cannulated Screw Fixation 12 min 22 sec in 13 segments Splinting ABCs: Upper and Lower Extremity Splinting in the Emergency Department Introduction 14 sec in 1 segment Short Arm Splinting (Plaster) 6 min 14 sec in 3 segments Short Arm Splinting (Fiberglass) 6 min 4 sec in 3 segments Short Leg Splinting (Plaster) 7 min 56 sec in 3 segments Short Leg Splinting (Fiberglass) 7 min 43 sec in 3 segments Supracondylar Fractures of the Humerus in Children Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Pinning 5 min, 58 sec in 1 segment Tarsal Coalition 10-year-old girl with minimal, left-sided foot discomfort 4 min 35 sec in 1 segment 10-year-old girl with bilateral foot discomfort 6 min in 1 segment 12-year-old girl with increasing left foot pain and out-toeing 4 min in 1 segment 14-year-old boy with bilateral talonavicular and talocalcaneal coalitions 5 min in 1 segment 15-year-old boy with left rigid flatfoot 4 min 30 sec in 1 segment The Orthopaedic Management of Cerebral Palsy Pediatric Patient With Spastic Diplegia 12 sec in 1 segment Pediatric Patient With Spastic Hemiplegia 21 sec in 1 segment Assessment of Spasticity 14 sec in 1 segment Patient With Athetosis 28 sec in 1 segment Normal Sagittal Gait 4 sec in 1 segment Gait of Pediatric Diplegic Patient 49 sec in 1 segment Spastic Diplegia: Group I Gait (Preoperative & Postoperative) 52 sec in 1 segment Spastic Diplegia 29 sec in 1 segment Spastic Diplegia: Group IV Gait 23 sec in 1 segment Patient With Cerebral Palsy Using a Walker Equipped with Snow Skis 23 sec in 1 segment Pediatric Patient With Cerebral Palsy Walking Without a Kaye Walker 11 sec in 1 segment Pediatric Patient With Cerebral Palsy Walking With a Kaye Walker 16 sec in 1 segment Normal Frontal Gait 17 sec in 1 segment Normal Sagittal Gait 17 sec in 1 segment Normal Illuminated Sagittal Gait 19 sec in 1 segment Sagittal Plane (Side View) Gait Assessment 17 sec in 1 segment Coronal Plane (Front View) Gait Assessment 17 sec in 1 segment Axial Plane Gait Assessment 19 sec in 1 segment Back to top Shoulder and Elbow Anterior Glenohumeral Instability Physical Examination 42 sec in 6 segments Open Anteroinferior Capsular Shift 1 min 31 sec in 5 segments Arthroscopic Bankart Repair 2 min 28 sec in 9 segments Arthroscopic Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Excision Arthroscopic Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Excision 20 min 18 sec in 4 segments Arthroscopic SLAP Lesion Repair in a Baseball Pitcher Arthroscopic SLAP Lesion Repair in a Baseball Pitcher 21 min in 8 segments Elbow Arthroscopy Arthroscopic Views 2 min, 55 sec in 4 segments Lateral portal creation with use of a guidewire [no audio] 2 min, 19 sec in 1 segment Posterior Portals [no audio] 1 min, 27 sec in 1 segment Loose Body & Plicae Excision 31 sec in 1 segment Circumferential Capsular Release 2 min, 13 sec in 1 segment Anterior Capsular Sweep 27 sec in 1 segment Arthroscopic Osteocapsular Arthroplasty for Degenerative Arthritis 1 min, 7 sec in 1 segment Elbow Valgus Instability in Throwing Athletes Jobe Technique 4 min 30 sec in 8 segments Docking Technique 4 min 32 sec in 6 segments Anatomic Interference Screw Fixation 3 min 05 sec in 6 segments CASE: Ulnar Collateral Ligament Repair 5 min 42 sec in 1 segment Four-part Proximal Humerus Fractures Proximal Humeral Replacement 7 min 21 sec in 8 segments Osteoarthritis of the Glenohumeral Joint Total Shoulder Arthroplasty 11 min 52 sec in 9 segments Physical Examination of the Shoulder Observation 1 min 36 sec in 4 segments Cervical Examination 37 sec in 1 segment Spurling Maneuver 11 sec in 1 segment Anterior Palpation 46 sec in 1 segment Posterior Palpation 43 sec in 1 segment Active Range of Motion 25 sec in 1 segment Abnormal Active Range of Motion 14 sec in 1 segment Passive Range of Motion 46 sec in 1 segment Abnormal Passive Range of Motion 20 sec in 1 segment Strength Testing 44 sec in 1 segment Deep Tendon Reflexes 30 sec in 1 segment Wright Test 17 sec in 1 segment Adson Maneuver 16 sec in 1 segment Cross-Flexion Test 17 sec in 1 segment OBrien Active Compression test 27 sec in 1 segment Load Shift 21 sec in 1 segment Apprehension Test/Relocation Test 30 sec in 1 segment Posterior Stress Test 17 sec in 1 segment Sulcus Sign 20 sec in 1 segment Load Shift Positive 11 sec in 1 segment Voluntary Posterior Instability 1 7 sec in 1 segment Voluntary Posterior Instability 2 8 sec in 1 segment Empty Can 14 sec in 1 segment External Rotation Lag Sign 16 sec in 1 segment Internal Rotation Lag Sign 10 sec in 1 segment Belly Press Test 29 sec in 1 segment Lift-Off Sign 10 sec in 1 segment Positive External Rotation Lag Sign 1 10 sec in 1 segment Positive External Rotation Lag Sign 2 10 sec in 1 segment Positive Internal Rotation 16 sec in 1 segment Anterior Superior Escape 11 sec in 1 segment Neer Test 17 sec in 1 segment Hawkins-Kennedy Test 20 sec in 1 segment Yergasons Test 14 sec in 1 segment Speeds Test 16 sec in 1 segment Lateral Scapular Sliding Test 32 sec in 1 segment Wall Push-Up 13 sec in 1 segment Rotator Cuff Tears Open Rotator Cuff Repair 6 min 16 sec in 7 segments Mini-open Rotator Cuff Repair 5 min 03 sec in 4 segments Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair 7 min 01 sec in 7 segments Shoulder Arthroscopy Shoulder Anatomy 7 min 46 sec in 16 segments Subacromial Decompression 4 min 56 sec in 1 segment Rotator Cuff Repair 11 min 27 sec in 1 segment Massive Rotator Cuff Repair 6 min 05 sec in 1 segment Subscapularis Repair 4 min 35 sec in 1 segment Biceps Tenodesis 7 min 02 sec in 1segment SLAP Lesion Repair 11 min 43 sec in 1 segment RHAGL Repair 5 min 50 sec in 1 segment Stabilization of Bankart Lesion 5 min in 1 segment Pancapsular Plication for Multidirectional Shoulder Instability 8 min 41 sec in 1 segment Calcium Removal 6 min 24 sec in 1 segment Surgical Technique: Arthroscopic Bankart and SLAP Lesion Repair Arthroscopic Bankart and SLAP Lesion Repair 23 min, 5 sec in 11 segments Techniques for Arthroscopic Subscapularis Repair Partial Tear of the Subscapularis Tendon 10 min 9 sec in 3 segments Massive Tear of the Subscapularis Tendon 21 min 8 sec in 4 segments Complete Tear of the Subscapularis Tendon 11 min 1 sec in 5 segments Example of a Normal Subscapularis Tendon Insertion 47 sec in 1 segment The Reverse Total Shoulder Prosthesis: Pearls and Pitfalls Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty 12 min, 11 sec, in 5 segments Total Elbow Arthroplasty Total Elbow Arthroplasty 26 min in 7 segments Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Total Shoulder Arthroplasty 31 min 36 sec in 9 segments Back to top Spine Adult Spondylolisthesis Laminectomy / Posterolateral Intertransverse Process Arthrodesis 10 min 47 sec in 5 segements Anterior Approaches to the Cervical and Cervicothoracic Spine Anterior Approaches to the Cervical Spine 2 min 13 sec in 5 segments Anterior Approaches to the Thoracolumbar Spine Thoracotomy 46 seconds in 2 segments Retroperitoneal Flank Approach 47 seconds in 3 segments Pararectus Retroperitoneal Approach 29 seconds in 1 segment Anterior Cervical Corpectomy and Fusion Anterior Cervical Corpectomy and Fusion Surgical Steps 9 min 13 sec in 5 segments L5-S1 Disc Degeneration Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion 4 min 22 sec in 1 segment Lumbar Disk Herniation Lumbar Microdiskectomy 1 min 33 sec in 1 segment Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Laminectomy 3 min 57 sec in 2 segments Spinal Fusion and Instrumentation 7 min 15 sec in 1 segment Laminoplasty 2 min 19 sec in 1 segment Spinal Osteoporosis Kyphoplasty 10 min 28 sec in 2 segments Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures Posterior Instrumentation Using Distraction / Ligamentotaxis Reduction 9 min 29 sec in 4 segments Anterior Decompression and Interbody Fusion 7 min 37 sec in 4 segments Back to top Sports Medicine Ankle Arthroscopy Resection of medial impingement lesion (torn deltoid ligament) in a chronic syndesmosis disruption 14 sec in 1 segment Resection of hypertrophied syndesmosis synovial lesion 12 sec in 1 segment Resection of tibial and talar osteophytes, part 1 15 sec in 1 segment Resection of tibial and talar osteophytes, part 2 19 sec in 1 segment Resection of tibial and talar osteophytes, part 3 22 sec in 1 segment Resection of tibial and talar osteophytes, part 4 21 sec in 1 segment Posterior approach to ankle and subtalar joint, with synovectomy and resection of symptomatic os trigonum, part 1 15 sec in 1 segment Posterior approach to ankle and subtalar joint with synovectomy and resection of symptomatic os trigonum, part 2 36 sec in 1 segment Débridement of posteromedial talar OCD lesion, part 1 29 sec in 1 segment Débridement of posteromedial talar OCD lesion, part 2 22 sec in 1 segment Débridement of posteromedial talar OCD lesion, part 3 25 sec in 1 segment Grafting of a talar OCD lesion, part 1 24 sec in 1 segment Grafting of a talar OCD lesion, part 2 14 sec in 1 segment Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis, part 1 42 sec in 1 segment Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis, part 2 31 sec in 1 segment Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis, part 3 21 sec in 1 segment Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis, part 4 34 sec in 1 segment Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Physical Examination 1 min 35 sec in 3 segements Two-Incision Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft 10 min 06 sec in 8 segments Endoscopic Hamstring Graft with Endobutton 5 min 39 sec in 5 segments One-Incision Endoscopic Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft 14 min 50 sec in 9 segments Quadriceps Tendon Autograft 9 min 57 sec in 4 segments Arthroscopic Capsular Plication for Multidirectional Instability Sulcus Test 6 sec in 1 segment Apprehension/Relocation Test 11 sec in 1 segment Anterior Load and Shift Test 7 sec in 1 segment Posterior Load and Shift Test 4 sec in 1 segment Localizing the Anterior Portal [no audio] 29 sec in 1 segment Posterior Capsular Plication [no audio] 1 min 41 sec in 1 segment Anterior Capsular Plication [no audio] 32 sec in 1 segment Rotator Interval Closure [no audio] 1 min 15 sec in 1 segment Biceps Tenodesis Arthroscopic Biceps Tenodesis to Bone 6 min 30 sec in 2 segments Soft Tissue Arthroscopic Biceps Tenodesis 6 min 40 sec in 2 segments Subpectoral Tenodesis 7 min 27 sec in 3 segments Double-Bundle ACL Reconstruction Anatomic Double-Bundle Reconstruction 5 min 51 sec in 10 segments Hybrid Single-Bundle ACL Reconstruction Single-Bundle ACL Reconstruction Using Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft 9 min 18 sec in 5 segments Meniscal Tears Physical Examination 58 sec in 2 segments Inside-Out Arthroscopic Meniscal Repair 12 min 57 sec in 5 segments Meniscal Transplantation Dovetail Technique for Lateral Meniscal Allograft Transplantation 14 min 51 sec in 6 segments Opening Wedge Proximal Tibial Osteotomy for the Varus Knee Proximal Tibial Osteotomy for Varus Knee 4 min 58 sec in 4 segments Patellar Instability Anteromedialization (AMZ) 5 min 53 sec in 3 segments MPFL Reconstruction 5 min 16 sec in 5 segments Posterolateral Corner Injuries Posterolateral Corner Reconstruction 35 min 46 sec in 13 segments Recognition and Treatment of Leg Pain in Athletes Intracompartmental Pressure Testing Pre-exercise 59 sec in 1 segment Intracompartmental Pressure Testing Post-exercise 29 sec in 1 segment Fasciotomy Two-Incision Technique 2 min 17 sec in 1 segment Fasciotomy Single-Incision Technique 2 min 47 sec in 1 segment Popiteal Entrapement 7 min 49 sec in 1 segment Revision ACL Reconstruction Physical Examination 3 min in 5 segments Surgical Procedures 4 min 18 sec in 4 segments Shoulder MRI/Arthroscopy Correlations - Case 1: Posterior Shoulder Dislocation with Posterior Labral Tear Apprehension Test/Relocation Test 30 sec in 1 segment OBrien Active Compression test 27 sec in 1 segment Neer Test 17 sec in 1 segment Hawkins-Kennedy Test 20 sec in 1 segment Load Shift 21 sec in 1 segment Sulcus Sign 20 sec in 1 segment Speeds Test 16 sec in 1 segment Yergasons Test 14 sec in 1 segment Arthroscopy 5 min in 11 segment Shoulder MRI/Arthroscopy Correlations - Case 2: Bony Bankart Lesion with Extensive Labral Tear Arthroscopy 4 min 6 sec in 1 segment Surgical Treatment of Distal Biceps Tendon Rupture Distal Biceps Tendon Repair Through a Two-Incision Approach 1 min 8 sec in 8 segments Distal Biceps Tendon Repair Through a One-Incision Approach 1 min 37 sec in 6 segments The Thrower's Shoulder Scapular dyskinesis [no audio] 18 sec in 1 segement Back to top Trauma Distal Humerus Fractures Open Reduction and Internal Fixation 25 min 15 sec in 4 segements Distal Radius Malunion Volar Extra-Articular Distal Radius Osteotomy 2 min 51 sec in 1 segment Distal Tibia Fractures Spanning Articulated External Fixation 5 min 43 sec in 5 segments Femoral Neck Fractures Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Pinning 4 min 15 sec in 5 segments Open Reduction and Internal Fixation 6 min 46 sec in 3 segments Femoral Shaft Fractures Reamed, Interlocking, Rigid, Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing 5 min 55 sec in 1 segment Rigid Antegrade Nailing of Femoral Shaft Fractures: Sawbone Demonstration (with piriformis entry site and trochanteric entry site) 11 min 59 sec in 1 segment Rigid Antegrade Nailing of Femoral Shaft Fractures: Cadaver Lab Simulation 17 min 31 sec in 1 segment Rigid Retrograde Nailing of Femoral Shaft Fractures: Sawbone Demonstration 14 min 30 sec in 1 segment Rigid Retrograde Nailing of Femoral Shaft Fractures: Cadaver Lab Simulation 16 min 3 sec in 1 segment Fractures of the Scapula Extended posterior (Judet) approach to the scapula 5 min 53 sec in 1 segment Case Report 2 29 sec in 1 segment Case Report 3 18 sec in 1 segement Knee Dislocation Inlay PCL Reconstruction 4 min 14 sec in 5 segments Nonunion Posterolateral Bone Graft for Tibial Nonunion 17 min 15 sec in 4 segments Preparation and Use of Antibiotic-Impregnated Beads for Orthopaedic Infections Preparation of Antibiotic-Impregnated Beads 13 min, 20 sec in 4 segments The Gotfried Percutaneous Compression Plating (PCCP) Technique for Treating Pertrochanteric Hip Fractures Gotfried Percutaneous Compression Plating: 28 min 46 sec in 6 segments The Use of Locking Plates in Fracture Care: Biomechanics, Techniques, Pearls, and Pitfalls Less Invasive Skeletal Stabilization System (LISS, Synthes) Technique Video 4 min, 28 sec in 4 segments Trochanteric Proximal Femur Fractures Dynamic Hip Screw - Complete Procedure 9 min 33 sec in 5 segments Intramedullary Hip Screw - Complete Procedure 6 min 22 sec in 4 segments Arthroplasty - Complete Procedure 9 min 05 sec in 4 segments Use and Application of Vacuum-Assisted Wound Closure Final Outcome [no audio] 22 sec in 1 segment Back to top
This page was last modified on: June 19, 2009 ©2001 - 2009 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. "All Rights Reserved." This website and its contents may not be reproduced in whole or in part without written permission. Editorial Board and Staff \| Technical Requirements \| Legal Disclaimer \| Disclosure Policy \| Contact OKO \| Help \| AAOS Privacy Policy